docs.microsoft.com/en-us/learn/modules/azure-architecture-fundamentals/regions-availability-zones
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A region is a geographical area on the planet that contains at least one but potentially multiple datacenters that are nearby and networked together with a low-latency network.
Resources are created in regions
global Azure services that don't require you to select a particular region, such as Azure Active Directory, Azure Traffic Manager, and Azure DNS.
US DoD Central, US Gov Virginia, US Gov Iowa and more: These regions are physical and logical network-isolated instances of Azure for U.S. government agencies and partners. These datacenters are operated by screened U.S. personnel and include additional compliance certifications.
China East, China North, and more: These regions are available through a unique partnership between Microsoft and 21Vianet, whereby Microsoft doesn't directly maintain the datacenters.
Availability zones are physically separate datacenters within an Azure region.
availability zone is made up of one or more datacenters
Zonal services: You pin the resource to a specific zone
Zone-redundant services: The platform replicates automatically across zones (for example, zone-redundant storage, SQL Database).
Non-regional services: Services are always available from Azure geographies and are resilient to zone-wide outages as well as region-wide outages.
minimum of three zones within a single region
Each Azure region is always paired with another region within the same geography (such as US, Europe, or Asia) at least 300 miles away
Availability zones are connected through high-speed, private fiber-optic networks.
specialized regions
compliance or legal purposes
US DoD Central, US Gov Virginia, US Gov Iowa and more
China East, China North, and more
21Vianet
geographies and availability zones.
highly available through availability zones
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