Factors associated with cognitive impairment at 3, 6, and 12 months after the first stroke among Lebanese survivors - PubMed

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• This study aimed to calculate the rate of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) by evaluating the cognitive domains among Lebanese stroke survivors at 3, 6, and 12 months post-stroke, and to identify the contributing factors including pre- and post-stroke related factors.

• Low MMSE scores were found among survivors during the first 3 months post-stroke (74.8%) of whom 53.7% presented with an MMSE ≤ 17, followed by 46.7% in the 6 months, and 37.6% at 12 months post-stroke.

• The most affected cognitive domain was the attention and concentration at the three time points.

• Independent factors that were positively associated with low MMSE scores were as follows: sedentary behavior ≥ 12 h/day (AOR = 3.062, p = .033), involvement of the left hemisphere (AOR = 2.710, p = .006), HADS ≥ 11 (AOR = 2.536, p = .049), and high NIHSS scores (AOR = 3, p = .009). Age was the main predictor in the three time periods (AOR ≈ 3, p < .05)

• Inversely, female gender (AOR = 0.09, p = .027), high educational level (AOR = 0.2, p < .02), employment post-stroke (AOR = 0.3, p = .023), high Physical Component Summary (PCS) of Quality of Life (QoL) (AOR = 0.8, p < .001), and the use of anti-diabetic treatment post-stroke (AOR = 0.17, p = .016) improved MMSE scores to > 23.