Exploring the crosstalk between endothelial cells, immune cells, and immune checkpoints in the tumor microenvironment: new insights and therapeutic implications - Cell Death & Disease

www.nature.com/articles/s41419-023-06119-x

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  • 肿瘤来源的乳酸会破坏CD8 + T细胞的丙酮酸代谢,从而阻碍这些细胞的细胞毒性

  • 在缺氧条件下,调节VEGF、转化生长因子(TGF-β)、血小板衍生生长因子B(PDGF-B)、纤溶酶原激活因子-1(PAI-1)和促红细胞生成素(EPO)等基因的缺氧诱导因子(HIF)可逃脱降解并与缺氧反应元件(HREs)结合[41]。这有利于细胞反应克服缺氧

  • 血管生成素(Ang)、PDGF-B和TGF-β家族的成员也参与了这一过程[55]

  • Ang-1介导EC的迁移和粘附,而Ang-2抑制内皮细胞和血管周围细胞之间的通讯,从而促进血管消退

  • 内皮祖细胞(EPCs)从骨髓迁移到血流中,浸润到肿瘤肿块中,分化成ECs,并产生促进肿瘤血管化的血管生成因子[69]。体内循环EPC的数量与癌症进展密切相关[70]。此外,EPC被募集到肿瘤肿块中并参与“血管生成转换”,直接通过整合到癌血管中或通过旁分泌促血管生成细胞因子间接[57]。

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